Python → Python projekti → Python chat server

Python chat server (Socket programiranje)

U ovom projektu kreiraćemo jednostavan chat server koristeći Python i socket modul. Cilj je da nekoliko korisnika može da šalje poruke između klijenata putem servera.

Ovaj projekat je odličan primer za učenje osnova mrežnog programiranja i socket komunikacije u Pythonu.

Kako funkcioniše sistem?

• Server drži listu povezanih klijenata
• Svaki klijent radi u posebnom thread-u
• Poruka se šalje svim klijentima (broadcast)
• Socket omogućava real-time komunikaciju

Gde se koristi ovakav sistem?

• chat aplikacije (WhatsApp, Messenger)
• online igre (multiplayer)
• live notifikacije
• kolaborativni alati

Potrebni alati

• Python 3
• Terminal / Command Prompt
• Osnovno znanje Python funkcija i petlji

Server kod

import socket
import threading

# Kreiranje server soketa
server = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
server.bind(('127.0.0.1', 5555))
server.listen()

clients = []
nicknames = []

def broadcast(message):
    for client in clients:
        client.send(message)

def handle(client):
    while True:
        try:
            message = client.recv(1024)
            broadcast(message)
        except:
            index = clients.index(client)
            clients.remove(client)
            client.close()
            nickname = nicknames[index]
            broadcast(f'{nickname} je napustio chat!'.encode('utf-8'))
            nicknames.remove(nickname)
            break

def receive():
    while True:
        client, address = server.accept()
        print(f"Povezan: {str(address)}")

        client.send('NICK'.encode('utf-8'))
        nickname = client.recv(1024).decode('utf-8')
        nicknames.append(nickname)
        clients.append(client)

        print(f'Nickname korisnika je {nickname}')
        broadcast(f'{nickname} se pridružio chatu!'.encode('utf-8'))
        client.send('Povezan na server!'.encode('utf-8'))

        thread = threading.Thread(target=handle, args=(client,))
        thread.start()

print("Server je pokrenut...")
receive()

Mini projekat – Klijent

Da bi chat radio, potrebni su klijenti koji se povezuju na server.

import socket
import threading

nickname = input("Izaberite nickname: ")

client = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
client.connect(('127.0.0.1', 5555))

def receive():
    while True:
        try:
            message = client.recv(1024).decode('utf-8')
            if message == 'NICK':
                client.send(nickname.encode('utf-8'))
            else:
                print(message)
        except:
            print("Greška!")
            client.close()
            break

def write():
    while True:
        message = f'{nickname}: {input("")}'
        client.send(message.encode('utf-8'))

receive_thread = threading.Thread(target=receive)
receive_thread.start()

write_thread = threading.Thread(target=write)
write_thread.start()

Kako unaprediti projekat?

• dodati login sistem
• preći na WebSocket (FastAPI / Django Channels)
• napraviti GUI klijent (Tkinter)
• deploy na server (VPS / cloud)

Ograničenja ovog projekta

Povezane lekcije i projekti

• Python REST API projekat
• Flask To-Do web aplikacija
• Pong igra u Processing Python modu

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